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Elements of Deterrence : Strategy, Technology, and Complexity in Global Politics
Global politics in the twenty-first century is complicated by dense economic interdependence, rapid technological innovation, and fierce security competition.How should governments formulate grand strategy in this complex environment?Many strategists look to deterrence as the answer, but how much can we expect of deterrence?Classical deterrence theory developed in response to the nuclear threats of the Cold War, but strategists since have applied it to a variety of threats in the land, sea, air, space, and cyber domains.If war is the continuation of politics by other means, then the diversity of technologies in modern war suggests a diversity of political effects.Some military forces or postures are most useful for "winning" various kinds of wars.Others are effective for "warning" adversaries of consequences or demonstrating resolve.Still others may accomplish these goals at lower political cost, or with greater strategic stability.Deterrence is not a simple strategy, therefore, but a complex relationship between many ends and many means.This book presents findings from a decade-long research program on "cross-domain deterrence." Through a series of theoretical and empirical studies, we explore fundamental trade-offs that have always been implicit in practice but have yet to be synthesized into a general theory of deterrence.Gartzke and Lindsay integrate newly revised and updated versions of published work alongside new work into a holistic framework for understanding how deterrence works--or fails to work--in multiple domains.Their findings show that in deterrence, all good things do not go together.
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Think Complexity : Complexity Science and Computational Modeling
Complexity science uses computation to explore the physical and social sciences.In Think Complexity, you’ll use graphs, cellular automata, and agent-based models to study topics in physics, biology, and economics.Whether you’re an intermediate-level Python programmer or a student of computational modeling, you’ll delve into examples of complex systems through a series of worked examples, exercises, case studies, and easy-to-understand explanations.In this updated second edition, you will: Work with NumPy arrays and SciPy methods, including basic signal processing and Fast Fourier Transform Study abstract models of complex physical systems, including power laws, fractals and pink noise, and Turing machines Get Jupyter notebooks filled with starter code and solutions to help you re-implement and extend original experiments in complexity; and models of computation like Turmites, Turing machines, and cellular automata Explore the philosophy of science, including the nature of scientific laws, theory choice, and realism and instrumentalism Ideal as a text for a course on computational modeling in Python, Think Complexity also helps self-learners gain valuable experience with topics and ideas they might not encounter otherwise.
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Think Complexity: Complexity Science and Computational Modeling
Think Complexity: Complexity Science and Computational Modeling
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Architecting IoT Solutions on Azure : Conquering Complexity for Scalable Device and Data Management
How can you make sense of the complex IoT landscape?With dozens of different components, ranging from the devices to metadata about those devices, it's easy to get lost among the possibilities.But it's not impossible if you have the right guide to help you navigate all the complexities.This practical book shows developers, architects, and IT managers how to build IoT solutions on Azure. Author Blaize Stewart presents you with a comprehensive view of the IoT landscape.You'll learn about devices, device management at scale, and the tools Azure provides for building globally distributed systems.You'll also explore ways to organize data by choosing the appropriate dataflow and data storage technologies.The book's final chapters examine data consumption and solutions for delivering data to consumers with Azure. Get the architectural guidance you need to create holistic solutions with devices, data, and everything in between.With this book, you will:Meet the demands of an IoT solution with Azure-provided functionalityUse Azure to create complete scalable and secure IoT systemsUnderstand how to articulate IoT architecture and solutionsGuide conversations around common problems that IoT applications solveSelect the appropriate technologies in the Azure space to build IoT applications
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Simply Complexity : A Clear Guide to Complexity Theory
What do traffic jams, stock market crashes, and wars have in common?They are all explained using complexity, an unsolved puzzle that many researchers believe is the key to predicting – and ultimately solving—everything from terrorist attacks and pandemic viruses right down to rush hour traffic congestion. Complexity is considered by many to be the single most important scientific development since general relativity and it promises to make sense of no less than the very heart of the Universe.Using it, scientists can find order emerging from seemingly random interactions of all kinds, from something as simple as flipping coins through to more challenging problems such as the patterns in modern jazz, the growth of cancer tumours, and predicting shopping habits.
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Developmental Evaluation : Applying Complexity Concepts to Enhance Innovation and Use
Developmental evaluation (DE) offers a powerful approach to monitoring and supporting social innovations by working in partnership with program decision makers.In this book, eminent authority Michael Quinn Patton shows how to conduct evaluations within a DE framework.Patton draws on insights about complex dynamic systems, uncertainty, nonlinearity, and emergence.He illustrates how DE can be used for a range of purposes: ongoing program development, adapting effective principles of practice to local contexts, generating innovations and taking them to scale, and facilitating rapid response in crisis situations.Students and practicing evaluators will appreciate the book's extensive case examples and stories, cartoons, clear writing style, "closer look" sidebars, and summary tables.Provided is essential guidance for making evaluations useful, practical, and credible in support of social change. See also Developmental Evaluation Exemplars, edited by Michael Quinn Patton, Kate McKegg, and Nan Wehipeihana, which presents 12 in-depth case studies.
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Ecological Complexity
Complexity has received substantial attention from scientists and philosophers alike.There are numerous, often conflicting, accounts of how complexity should be defined and how it should be measured.Much less attention has been paid to the epistemic implications of complexity, especially in Ecology.How does the complex nature of ecological systems affect ecologists' ability to study them?This Element argues that ecological systems are complex in a rather special way: they are causally heterogeneous.Not only are they made up of many interacting parts, but their behaviour is variable across space or time.Causal heterogeneity is responsible for many of the epistemic difficulties that ecologists face, especially when making generalisations and predictions.Luckily, ecologists have the tools to overcome these difficulties, though these tools have historically been considered suspect by philosophers of science.The author presents an updated philosophical account with an optimistic outlook of the methods and status of ecological research.
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Complexity in International Security : A Holistic Spatial Approach
In September 2018, the 73rd General Assembly of the United Nations acknowledged that international instability is increasing and that improving global security is among the most important tasks facing the world today.The Assembly concluded that it is extremely important to develop new, effective frameworks and technologies to understand and confront increasingly complex networks of actors, interests, and contexts.Leading international security expert Peter Sapaty meets this challenge head-on and introduces a new, high-level distributed processing and control approach capable of finding real-time solutions for irregularities, crises, and security problems emerging any time and in any part of the world.Drawing upon the principles of Gestalt psychology, this book develops a radically new model of technology, Spatial Grasp Technology (SGT), a self-navigating, self-replicating, self-modifying spatial pattern technology expressed in a special high-level recursive language.Through rigorous theoretical argument and many practical examples, Sapaty shows how SGT can account for millions to billions of nodes distributed worldwide without vulnerable central resources; explains why SGT is hundreds of times shorter, simpler, and faster than other models and languages; and shows that SGT's technology basics are so simple that they can be effectively implemented even in a short time by a small group of system programmers within traditional university environments.Perhaps most importantly, Sapaty demonstrates how SGT is capable of implementing security scenarios not only at run time, but also conceivably ahead of it, allowing in some cases for the prediction and even prevention of local or global crises.For the novelty, simplicity, and wide applicability of its approach, Complexity in International Security is essential reading for system scientists, application programmers, industry managers, security and defence personnel, and university students interested in advanced MSc and PhD projects in the area of holistic and distributed management.
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